Publication Ethics

Our journal follows the highest standards of publication ethics. We adhere to the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Duties of Authors

• Originality and plagiarism: Authors must ensure that their work is entirely original. Any use of others' work must be properly cited.
• Multiple or concurrent submission: Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal is unethical.
• Authorship: Only persons who have made significant contributions should be listed as authors.
• Data access and retention: Authors may be asked to provide raw data for review.

Duties of Reviewers

• Confidentiality: Reviewers must keep the review process confidential.
• Objectivity: Reviews should be based on scientific merit, not personal criticism.
• Conflict of interest: Reviewers must disclose any competing interests.

Duties of Editors

• Fair play: Editors evaluate manuscripts solely on academic merit.
• Confidentiality: Editors must not disclose information about submitted manuscripts.
• Conflict of interest: Editors must recuse themselves when necessary.

Plagiarism Policy

All submissions are screened with iThenticate. Plagiarism above 15% leads to immediate rejection.

Corrections and Retractions

We follow COPE guidelines for issuing corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern.

Complaints and Appeals

Authors may appeal editorial decisions by contacting the editor-in-chief with a detailed justification.